從對話到敵對的民主化實踐：Mikhail Bakhtin 對話主義的理論轉折與政治方案之 初探
From Dialogue to Antagonism: A Preliminary Study on the Theoretical Transition of Mikhail Bakhtin’s Dialogism and its Political Calculation for the Practice of Democratization

王孝勇

本研究旨在藉由勾勒 Bakhtin 對話主義的理論轉折，初步規劃民主化實踐的
政治方案。首先，透過閱\讀 Bakhtin 對形式主義的批評與再思以及狂歡節語言的
民主觀，本研究試圖還原對話主義的核心關懷並據此說明對話主義從日常性對話
到政治性對話的轉折。其次，透過 Laclau 與 Mouffe（1985）的敵對（antagonism）
與接合實踐（articulatory practice）等概念，本研究指出對話主義體現的將既定的
規範轉化為未定，並在偶然性的歷史機緣與脈絡中重構意識形態的意義迴圈，正
是民主化實踐的政治方案。

This paper aims to propose the political calculation for the practice of
democratization by outline the theoretical transition of Mikhail Bakhtin’s dialogism.
First, it read Bakhtinian critique of Russian formalism and revisited the core issues of
dialogism by referring to the concept of carnival. Second, it incorporated Laclau &
Mouffe (1985)’s “antagonism and “articulatory practice” to elaborate the theoretical
transition of dialogism by contrasting “ordinary dialogue” with “political dialogue”.
Based on the research findings, the paper concluded that the political calculation of
democratization which dialogism embodies is to transform the pre-given social norms
to the not-yet-to-be-given, thereby constructing an alternative ideology under
contingent historical context.

巴赫汀、民主化、形式主義、接合實踐、對話主義、敵對

Mikhail Bakhtin; democtratization; formalism; articulatory practice; dialogism; antagonism

2012.07.07

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