人工智慧圖像生成工具在 2022 年商用化之後,使用者逐漸增加,但也引發許多焦慮,擔心這樣的工具會減弱人類的創造力與想像力。 想像力與創造力都是人類文明發展、資訊傳播的重要能力,OECD 也推出了 PISA 創造力評測,認為人工智慧盛行的年代,想像力的重要性更甚以往。 本初探性研究以文獻研究方法先尋找人工智慧與創意相關理論後,以行動研究法設計了一個生成圖像工作坊,以 Midjourney 為教學媒介,並設計問卷,分析工作坊參加者 (N=32) 自陳的前後能力變化。 研究發現,隨機性、意料之外,分別是生成圖像中最重要的特性與創作領域,學習生成圖像工具也可以提升創造力與視覺想像力。但若將受試者以美術設計能力之有無區分,可以進一步發現,對沒有能力者而言,生成工具提升了 「從無到有」的創造力;對有美術設計經驗者而言,生成工具擴充了「從有到好」的想像力空間。 本研究建議未來可以針對生成圖像教學內容進行更細膩的研究,並將想像力與創造力更細劃分。
Users increased steadily after commercializing artificial intelligence generative art (AIGA) tools in 2022. However, this has triggered widespread anxiety, with concerns that such tools may undermine human creativity and imagination. Creativity and imagination are vital capacities in human civilization and information dissemination. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) has even developed the PISA creativity thinking test, underscoring the increased significance of imagination in the era of prevalent AI. This preliminary study commenced with a literature review to explore theories about AI and creativity. Subsequently, using an action research approach, we designed an image generation workshop using Midjourney as the educational medium. We also designed a questionnaire to analyze participants' self-reported abilities changes before and after the workshop (N=32). Overall, AI image-generation tools enhance creativity and visual imagination. However, further insights can be garnered when differentiating participants based on their artistic abilities. For those without artistic skills, the generative tools improved their creative abilities from 'non-existent' to 'existent.' In contrast, for those with prior artistic experience, the tools broadened their imaginative scope from 'existent' to 'enhanced.' This study suggests that future research could delve into the details of image generation teaching content and further delineate the intricacies of imagination and creativity.