鄉土的記憶—一段早期共同天線業者的耕耘事蹟
In Remembrance Of The Land: A Story Of An Early CATV Operator

林美伶
Lin, Meiling

本研究以關西鎮為例，探討早期共同天線系統在此一台灣北部客家村落其市場開拓之情形及其相關議題。在缺乏相關文獻的情況下，經由與當地風土深具接近性的研究者實際進行田野調查的方式，期能針對一典型發展社區進行瞭解，以利於日後研究之參考、檢證。

本研究提出一個業者天線服務概念的參考架構模式，將天線系統的發展區分成三個階段。並以業者經營共同天線的實際經歷，說明天線服務商品概念的轉變。最後，本文從經濟文化面及科技的社會型塑觀點提出天線商品概念轉變的解釋。

從商品的概念分析可以發現「共同天線」不論在形式或內涵上，從三家無線電視台的概念到後來三台以外頻道節目的產生，歷經了重大變化。而早期業者與居民對「天線」（服務）的模糊概念及深具人情與彈性的收費行為，也可以作為今日有線電視明確交易模式的對照。
而從經濟文化的角度探討共同天線的消逝可以發現，早期鄉村地區濃厚的人情及密切的互動在進入崇尚個人消費的工商社會後，已經逐漸淡薄。此時在鄉間經營的傳統天線也逐漸合併，終於為擁有高資本的有線電視系統經營者所取代。

從科技的社會型塑觀點則可以發現兩點。第一、新社會需求的產生造成了天線系統出現。居民新收視需求的產生，使得業者必須發展出令他們滿足的天線系統。第二，新的社會使用會改變天線服務的商品內涵。居民透過天線系統獲得三台以外的資訊節目，這項新的使用使得天線的商品內涵產生了改變（例如從依附三台到超越三台）。

概而言之，早期共同天線系統的發展與轉變，是天線業者、當地居民、與社會三者之間不斷互動過程中所結出的果實，而這樣的說法亦符合Williams對電視科技出現情形的觀察。

In this thesis, a hilly Hakka country in northern Taiwan (Town Kwanhsi) is cast as an object of study, with the aim for a more detailed portrait of the origin and primitive development of "CATV" there. With little research concerned having been found, the researcher (who was born in the nearby community) decides to use in-depth interview as the main method of information gathering.

From the viewpoint of social shaping of technology, this paper makes discussions on the social forces (e.g., human interactions and the uses of consumers) that influence the development of "CATV" in that community. The concept of commodity is used as an analyzing method; also, a model that combines the frame of reference towards the 3 stages of development of "CATV" is presented. Later, the operator ’s personal "CATV" maintaining experiences are portrayed. Finally, this paper makes its explanations on the changing commodity concept of antenna services from the economic and cultural perspectives.

From the concept of commodity, we find CATV had gone through a great change from the concept of the 3 wireless TV station programs to that of programs else, both in form or in content. Besides, the vague concept towards "antenna services" and the flexible charging model between the operator and the inhabitants may well give a comparison to the CATV systems which have distinct exchanging models today.

From the viewpoint of economic-cultural aspect, the decline of the CATV may have relationships with the changing environment from the agricultural society with highly human interaction to the industrialized society with aspiration for personal consumption. The traditional CATVs in the country have been gradually annexed by the CATV system operators with great capital.

From the social shaping view, this paper has two findings. First, the new social demands intrigued the development of "CATV", and the inhabitants ’ new demands on TV viewing had made the operator develop the "CATV" that they needed. Secondly, new social uses of the "CATV" would change the commodity concept of the antenna services. That the inhabitants accessed the programs beyond the 3 wireless TV stations changed the commodity concept of antenna service that had been dependent on the 3 wireless TV stations before.

In short, the development of "CATV" is the result of the interactions among the operator, local inhabitants, and the whole society. This view also supports the observations of Williams.

關西鎮，有線電視，共同天線，生命史，生命故事

Town Kwanhsi，CATV，Cable TV，Common Antenna，Life Histories，Life Stories

已授權

鄉土的記憶—一段早期共同天線業者的耕耘事蹟.pdf