近年來轉基因議題在中國的網絡空間持續發酵，專家與公眾對於轉基因作物的風險存在巨大爭議。本研究透過大數據挖掘研究方法蒐集2012年至2015年在互聯網上的相關文本，探討轉基因的社會風險如何透過公共討論被建構，以及科學理性與社會理性如何對話的過程。結果顯示：一、在互聯網上反對轉基因的比例遠遠超過支持者；二、「反轉派」的組成較「挺轉派」更加多元，掌握更多的話語權；三、爭論雙方的論述框架相互錯位，難以達成共識。更進一步分析，轉基因的爭議背後存在結構、政策與文化等深層原因。

Genetically Modified Organism (GMO) is the most controversial issue of new technology in recent years. Scientists and public constantly debated but not reached a consensus on GMO’s risk. This article aims to examine the public debate on GMO issues and to evaluate the process of social risk construction between scientific rationality and social rationality. The research methods adopted are Big Data mining and discourse analysis, collecting the texts on social media from 2012 to 2015. It shows that the GMO opponents were much higher than the supporters and dominate the debate. Moreover, the conversation of these two groups wasn’t focused on the same discourse frame. Finally, this paper argues for the underlying causes of this conflict on mechanism, policy and culture.