掙脫語言的枷鎖？從Mikhail Bakhtin論「表述」談起
Discarding the Sheaves of Language? A Perspective from Mikhail Bakhtin on "Utterance"

王孝勇

本文旨在引介俄國思想家Mikhail Bakhtin語言哲學中的「表述」概念，並藉此重新回應與問題意識化「意義從何而來？」的提問。首先，依據Bakhtin對於Saussure符號學理論的批評，討論Bakhtin如何提出「表述」作為語言哲學的核心命題。其次，探討Bakhtin如何以對話主義建構「表述」的理論基礎，並進一步思考Bakhtin對於「表述」的說法與後結構主義主體理論之關聯性。本文指出，Bakhtin藉由論述「表述」的對話性與社會性，一方面使其理論較適合用來詮釋意義產製與具體對話情境中，語言與人的關係；同時，也揭示出人類主體形構的過程中，既有某種程度的主體性、又從屬於某些規則或規範的弔詭本質。

This essay attempts to rethink and reproblematize the question of "Where is meaning deriving from?" by introducing Mikhail Bakhtin ’s concept of "utterance". Firstly, based on Bakhtin ’s interrogation of Saussure ’s semiology, this essay examines why "utterance" could be the core of philosophy of language. Secondly, it draws on "dialogism" to analyze how Bakhtin construct the inner sociality and dialogicity of "utterance" and its inspiration of post-structuralism furthermore. Last but not least, this essay argues that Bakhtinian standpoint is not only more suitable to state the relationship between language and a human being in the language process, but declare the paradoxical nature of subject formation, that is subjectivation/subordination.

Bakhtin，主體，抵抗，表述，語言哲學，對話主義

Bakhitn, subject, resistance, utterance, philosophy of language, dialogism

2006.07.12

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2006B03.pdf